Many of the refugees fleeing violence in Mexico and Central America, especially the Northern Triangle, are women and children. In 2014 alone, 66,000 children travelled from the Northern Triangle to the United States. 82% of 16,077 women who had migrated to the US from the Northern Triangle region and Mexico were reported by US authorities to have credible fear of persecution or torture and were allowed to pursue asylum. El Salvador and Guatemala have the first and third highest female homicide rates in the world, respectively. While some of the women flee towards the United States, many others escape to other states in Central America and Mexico where applications for asylum from people fleeing the three Northern Triangle countries and parts of Mexico have increased thirteenfold since 2008. Results of a survey of Northern Triangle residents conducted by Vanderbilt University showed that respondents were more likely to migrate if they had been victims of one or more crimes in the previous year.